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dc.contributor.authorSalcedo Galera, Macarena 
dc.coverage.spatialeast=-3.588141299999961; north=37.1760783; name=Alhambra, Calle Real de la Alhambra, s/n, 18009 Granada, Españaes_ES
dc.date.accessioned2018-02-15T16:27:03Z
dc.date.available2018-02-15T16:27:03Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.descriptionMención Europea/Internacional concedida.es_ES
dc.description.abstract[SPA] Debido a la gran reforma urbanística y arquitectónica desarrollada en Granada durante el siglo XVI, fruto del contexto económico y político de la ciudad, ésta se convierte en un gran laboratorio renacentista donde experimentar nuevas formas y tipologías constructivas. En este contexto, aparece la cantería renacentista como la interpretación española del Renacimiento italiano, que se basa en el uso de la piedra como material de construcción frente al empleo del ladrillo en Italia. Esta tesis doctoral plantea el estudio de la estereotomía de distintas fábricas y piezas de cantería construidas en Granada durante el siglo XVI. Para ello se han analizado, por un lado, los tratados y manuscritos de cantería del XVI, así como sus posibles antecedentes constructivos; y por otra parte, se han llevado a cabo levantamientos fotogramétricos de una selección representativa de piezas relevantes de cantería en Granada. Este estudio ha permitido profundizar en el conocimiento de las técnicas empleadas en su diseño geométrico y en su ejecución, aportando una visión de conjunto sobre la aparición, evolución y difusión de la construcción pétrea a lo largo del siglo XVI en el foco renacentista granadino. El análisis de las bóvedas de los edificios estudiados tras los levantamientos realizados ha evidenciado el carácter innovador de las obras renacentistas ejecutadas en Granada tras la reincorporación de la ciudad al Reino de Castilla. Pero no sólo encontramos innovaciones en los problemas que se abordan, sino en los métodos que se emplean. La investigación realizada ha puesto de manifiesto, en primer lugar, la notable evolución de las bóvedas por cruceros en la arquitectura granadina, presentando soluciones geométricas complejas, como en el monasterio de San Jerónimo y en la catedral. Por otra parte, tras los levantamientos ha quedado patente una gran destreza en el control de formas ovales y elípticas de distintas proporciones, como ocurre en los zaguanes del palacio de Carlos V, o en su famosa bóveda anular, junto con los pasos extremos de la catedral, cuyo abocinamiento desigual en altura y anchura fuerza la construcción de semielipes en lugar de semicircunferencias, como ocurre en los pasos centrales. También son interesantes los resultados obtenidos con respecto a la evolución de ciertas piezas y su relación con los textos de cantería, siendo el caso más notable el de la gran variedad de lunetos ejecutados en Granada durante el siglo XVI, especialmente en el palacio de Carlos V. Por último, los resultados obtenidos sugieren la existencia de relaciones, influencias y una importante transferencia de conocimientos entre los distintos focos arquitectónicos del Renacimiento en el Sur de la Península, como Murcia, Jaén o Sevilla a través de las obras construidas y sus ejecutores. Por tanto, tras analizar todas las discusiones consideradas, es innegable el protagonismo de las obras de cantería ejecutadas en Granada a lo largo del siglo XVI. Dados los escasos antecedentes de las piezas analizadas desde el punto de vista geométrico y constructivo, su carácter innovador es evidente, llegando a ejercer una notable influencia sobre los textos de cantería renacentista y sobre la práctica constructiva al mismo tiempo.es_ES
dc.description.abstract[ENG] Although some authors have downplayed the importance of the Andalusian focus of new Renaissance architecture, many others have attributed a great importance to it. In this context, Granada acquires a special relevance, due to the historical events of the late 15th century, whose political, social, cultural and artistic consequences were noticed in the city throughout the 16th century. Architectural and urban changes in the city made Granada a great Renaissance laboratory to experience new forms, and new constructive typologies, creating one of the most prolific centuries that Granada has known. During the 16th century, there was an adaptation of the Gothic construction techniques to the new Renaissance forms, which developed in new techniques and stonework strategies in order to reproduce the Renaissance architectural forms imported from Italy. The main problem to solve when building vaults and stone constructions is usually stability, so that the most critical factor to consider is not resistance, but the shape of the whole structure as a single object. That is why the problems in these kind of constructions are a geometric issue. That is why it is necessary to conceive, before the execution, a scheme of division in pieces. Stereotomy is the discipline that studies the layouts and necessary processes of stonecutting for the execution of stone pieces. And it is historically accredited by the large number of treatises and manuscripts that focus their attention on the development and exhibition of different solutions. This doctoral thesis proposes to study the geometry and stereotomy of different vaults and stonework pieces built in Granada during the 16th century. To this end, we will analyze, on the one hand, the theoretical tracings and proposals existing in the treatises and Renaissance stonework manuscripts. On the other hand, we have carried out several photogrammetric surveys on a representative selection of relevant pieces in the Italian Renaissance implementation process in Spain, specifically in Granada. This study aims to allow a deeper understanding of the graphic techniques used in its geometric design, as well as the construction techniques used in its execution. It also provides an overview of the Renaissance stone construction history, its appearance, evolution and diffusion throughout the 16th century in the Granada Renaissance focus. The survey and analysis of the singular masonry pieces in Granada, together with the analysis of the existing documentation, the stonework texts and the constructions before and after them, have allowed us to reach the main objective of this thesis: the determination of the geometric configuration and constructive features of the analyzed pieces, as well as their influence and relevant role in the construction history in Spain. The analysis of the vaults of the building has evidenced the innovative character of the Renaissance works executed in Granada after the reincorporation of the city to the Kingdom of Castile. But we do not only find innovations in the problems that are approached, but also in the methods that were used. The research carried out has revealed the remarkable evolution of the “grid crossing vaults” in Granada architecture, presenting complex geometric solutions, such as in the octogonal head of San Jerónimo, the vaulted passages of the cathedral, or the chapel previous to the sacristy in the Cathedral, where we find a possible antecedent of the well-known “Ochavo de La Guardia” after the analysis carried out. After the surveying, a great skill has been demonstrated in the control of oval and elliptical forms of different proportions, as in the halls of the palace of Carlos V, or in its famous ring vault, whose oval profile is balanced when presenting the lintel at the same high as the first course on the opposite side. Another singular case is that of the extreme skewed vaulted passages of the cathedral, whose different obliquity in height and width forces the construction of half-ellipses instead of semi-circumferences, as in the central steps. The results obtained are quite interesting, regarding to the evolution of certain pieces and their relationship with masonry texts, being the most notable case the one of the lunettes. From the pointed lunettes of the crypt of the palace of Carlos V, to the spherical lunettes of the dome of the cathedral, we find a series of pieces with different geometric configurations, whose analysis has been even more interesting when comparing them with later solutions and those exposed in the treatises, which, as we shall see, are closely related. If in the crypt we find probably the first stone pointed lunettes, with horizontal and continuous whole joints, in the western hall of the same building we have found a solution of cylindrical lunette, where the resulting intersection is a very close curve to the theoretical solution of the texts. In the southern hall of the same palace, however, we find pointed lunettes and rare-arches, whereas in the dome of the cathedral spherical lunettes are opened, reason why we are before a great range of solutions for the same piece that has turned out really interesting for the current research. Therefore, after analyzing all the discussions considered, the protagonist of masonry works executed in Granada during the 16th century is undeniable. Given the scant background of the analyzed pieces from a geometrical and constructive point of view, its innovative character is evident, becoming a notable influence on the Renaissance stonework texts and on the constructive practice at the same time.eng
dc.formatapplication/pdfes_ES
dc.language.isospaes_ES
dc.publisherMacarena Salcedo Galeraes_ES
dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 España*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/*
dc.title.alternativeStone Construction in Renaissance Granadaen
dc.titleConstrucción pétrea en la Granada del Renacimientoes_ES
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesises_ES
dc.subject.otherExpresión Gráfica Arquitectónicaes_ES
dc.contributor.advisorCalvo López, José 
dc.date.submitted2017-04-24
dc.subjectGranadaes_ES
dc.subjectAlhambraes_ES
dc.subjectTécnicas de diseño arquitectónicoes_ES
dc.subjectTopografía de la edificaciónes_ES
dc.subjectDiseño arquitectónicoes_ES
dc.subjectPatronato de la Alhambra y el Generalifees_ES
dc.subjectHistoria de la arquitecturaes_ES
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10317/6445
dc.description.centroEscuela Internacional de Doctoradoes_ES
dc.contributor.departmentArquitectura y tecnología de la edificaciónes_ES
dc.identifier.doi10.31428/10317/6445
dc.rights.accessRightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesses
dc.description.universityUniversidad Politécnica de Cartagenaes_ES
dc.subject.unesco6201 Arquitecturaes_ES
dc.subject.unesco5506.01 Historia de la Arquitecturaes_ES
dc.description.programadoctoradoPrograma Oficial de Doctorado en Arquitectura y Tecnología de la Edificaciónes_ES


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