Technology and Knowledge Transfer e-Bulletinhttp://hdl.handle.net/10317/13582024-03-29T14:29:11Z2024-03-29T14:29:11ZAnalysis of the air-water droplet motion through cooling tower drift eliminators, including comparative efficiency evaluations of several types of devices, by numerical investigationZamora Parra, BlasSánchez Kaiser, AntonioLucas Miralles, ManuelRuiz Ramírez, Javierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10317/20762024-01-26T23:53:23Z2011-09-01T00:00:00ZAnalysis of the air-water droplet motion through cooling tower drift eliminators, including comparative efficiency evaluations of several types of devices, by numerical investigation
Zamora Parra, Blas; Sánchez Kaiser, Antonio; Lucas Miralles, Manuel; Ruiz Ramírez, Javier
Mist eliminators (also called droplet eliminators, droplet separators or demisters) are devices that can remove liquid droplets from a gas flow. The gas flow laden with droplets is forced to pass through different channels, changing direction in a repetitive manner. Wave-plate (or vane type) eliminator are widely employed in chemical and industrial processes involving gas and vapour flows where mist removal is necessary for several reasons. For instance, one of the most important objectives is to restrict pollutant emission into the environment, as in cooling towers applications. Wave-plate mist eliminators can operate in vertical and horizontal situations, but in both cases, the removal of liquid droplets occurs mainly by inertial impaction. In cooling towers, spraying water is distributed over a heat transfer surface across or through which a stream of air is passing. Thus, water droplets can be captured by the stream of air and they will be carried out of the system. This phenomenon is known as drift. In countries with warm climate, inside the cooling towers the conditions of high temperature and humidity can strongly induce the spreading of pathogens agents, especially the Legionella pneumophila. The main disadvantage of installing mist (i.e., drift) eliminators is an increased pressure loss of the airflow. High-pressure loss contributes to lower flow rate of air or higher engine power of the ventilators. This fact leads to obtain lower overall efficiency values for the air-conditioning systems. Since a lack of systematic studies on comparative evaluation of morphologically similar separators has been detected, the behaviour of four wave-type eliminators having a similar geometry is studied. Both droplet collection efficiency and the pressure drop coefficient are calculated. Special emphasis is made on the validation of the numerical model with results taken from the literature, the study of the effects of relevant parameters, and the achievement of a procedure to evaluate the overall efficiency of each regarded type of eliminator. The obtained results may contribute to improve the passive droplets restraint systems in mechanical cooling towers, increasing the overall operation of the cooling tower on one side, and lowering their environmental impact on the other.
2011-09-01T00:00:00ZRoot development under drought stressFranco Leemhuis, José Antoniohttp://hdl.handle.net/10317/20752024-01-26T23:53:23Z2011-09-01T00:00:00ZRoot development under drought stress
Franco Leemhuis, José Antonio
Serving as interfaces between plant and the soil, roots are much more exposed to drought stress than the upper plant parts. Therefore, the root system can be as affected, or even more affected, than the aerial parts of the plant for drought stress (Franco et al., 2011). Nevertheless, the influence of this stress on root activity and development has been much less studied. Undoubtedly, this is due to limitations on accessibility for root observations; being studies on root system dynamics especially difficult because they require successive, non-destructive measurements (Franco and Abrisqueta, 1997; Franco et al., 2002a).
2011-09-01T00:00:00ZEutrophication in coastal areas of the Mar Menor lagoon: The mitigation role of the salt marshes.Álvarez Rogel, JoséJiménez Cárceles, Francisco JoséEgea Nicolás, ConsueloMaría Cervantes, AntonioConesa Alcaraz, Hector MiguelGonzález Alcaraz, María Nazarethttp://hdl.handle.net/10317/17632024-01-26T23:53:23Z2011-09-01T00:00:00ZEutrophication in coastal areas of the Mar Menor lagoon: The mitigation role of the salt marshes.
Álvarez Rogel, José; Jiménez Cárceles, Francisco José; Egea Nicolás, Consuelo; María Cervantes, Antonio; Conesa Alcaraz, Hector Miguel; González Alcaraz, María Nazaret
The Mar Menor lagoon is one of the largest coastal lagoons (135 km2 surface) of the Mediterranean basin. It receives runoff waters coming from the nearby intensive agricultural area of Campo de Cartagena, which have led this lagoon to be declared as a sensitive area for eutrophication in June 2001 under European Directive 91/271/EEC and as a vulnerable zone for nitrates contamination in December 2002 under Directive 91/676/EEC. Moreover, the existence of mining activities (nowadays discontinued) in the nearby area of Sierra de Cartagena-La Union has caused the spread of metal polluted wastes into the Mar Menor lagoon and its salt marshes. As a consequence, huge coastal areas are buried by metal enriched wastes, and although most of them have been colonized by vegetation, others remain bare and exposed to erosive agents (e.g. wind, water). At the same time, the Mar Menor and its salt marshes have been included in the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands. Also, it is a Special Protected Area of Mediterranean Interest (SPAMI), a Specially Protected Area (SPA) under the EU Wild Birds Directive and a Site of Community Importance (SCI) to be integrated in the Nature 2000 Network (EU Habitats Directive). In addition, the Campo de Cartagena- Mar Menor zone hosts important economic activities related with agriculture, fisheries and tourism (Conesa and Jiménez-Cárceles, 2007). Hence, the habitat conservation and the uses of the territory must be compatible and overcome the environmental problems of the zone.
This paper summarizes several studies carried out in the Mar Menor area from year 2000 till nowadays. The methodologies followed in these works were based on international scientific and technical protocols. The research included field and lab experiments. The first ones had the goal of answering questions such as what, where, when, by means of descriptive field survey studies (Álvarez-Rogel et al., 2000, 2001, 2006b, 2007a y c, Álvarez-Rogel et al., 2006a, 2007b; Jiménez-Cárceles, 2007; Jiménez-Cárceles et al., 2006; Jiménez-Cárceles and Álvarez-Rogel, 2008; Egea et al., 2011). Afterwards, the research had the goal of explaining how the processes occurred, by means of experimental set ups not included here (greenhouse experiments, columns, lab, etc.).
This chapter deals with the field survey studies in order to describe the nutrient dynamics and eutrophication risks in the coastal areas of the Mar Menor lagoon
2011-09-01T00:00:00ZIdentification of quantitative trait loci using near-isogenic lines of melon. A lines of melon. a research review covering potential applications in fruit qualityFernández Trujillo, Juan PabloMartínez López, Juan AntonioAlarcón Vera, Antonio LuisVaró Vicedo, PlácidoDos Santos Carrillo, NoeliaObando Ulloa, Javier MauricioBueso Sánchez, María del Carmenhttp://hdl.handle.net/10317/17382024-01-26T23:53:22Z2011-01-01T00:00:00ZIdentification of quantitative trait loci using near-isogenic lines of melon. A lines of melon. a research review covering potential applications in fruit quality
Fernández Trujillo, Juan Pablo; Martínez López, Juan Antonio; Alarcón Vera, Antonio Luis; Varó Vicedo, Plácido; Dos Santos Carrillo, Noelia; Obando Ulloa, Javier Mauricio; Bueso Sánchez, María del Carmen
During the last seven years, the fruit quality differences based on a collection of near-isogenic lines (NILs) of melon (Cucumis melo L.) obtained from a cross between the Spanish cultivar “Piel de Sapo” (PS) (Figure 1) and the exotic Korean accession “Shongwan Charmi” [SC (PI 161375)] (Figure 2) have been studied to identify the quantitative trait loci (QTL) related to the most important fruit quality traits for the consumer.
2011-01-01T00:00:00Z